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Extraits de la Revue de l'instruction publique en Belgique 14:6.387-425, 15:1.2-47,
15:2.78-104, 15:3.155-87, 15:4.201-28.
Paris:
Maisonneuve.
African influences in Atlantic Creoles.
London:Battlebridge.
MIT Press.
Revue
québécoise de linguistique théorique et appliquée 6:3.59-72.
Hodder & Stoughton.
An introduction to the study of speech. New York:
Harcourt.
morphologie et syntaxe. Wetteren:De
Meester.
Language
45.9-25.
Findings and problems. New York:
Publications of the Linguistic Circle of New York 1.
de Gruyter.
Festschrift Dwight L. Bolinger, ed. Linda R. Waugh & C.H. van Schooneveld, 315-29.
Baltimore: University Park Press.
Actes du Colloque de la Société internationale de linguistique fonctionnelle
10.285-92. Québec:Université Laval.
français."Communication, Congrès annuel de l'Association canadienne de
linguistique, Guelph, 4-7 juin.
Karipouns."MS, 7e Congrès de l'Association québécoise de linguistique (AQL-ACFAS),
Université d'Ottawa.
haïtien et en fon."Revue québécoise de linguistique théorique et appliquée
6:2.127-35.
Proceedings of the
International Congress of Linguists 15:4.335-38. Québec:Presses de l'Université
Laval.
populaire de Paris du 17e siècle et origines du français québécois."Revue
québécoise de linguistique théorique et appliquée 12.281-334.
région de Trois-Rivières."Revue québécoise de linguistique théorique et appliquée
13. 225-43.
Proceedings of the International Congress of Linguists 16.0416 (paper number on CD).
Trois-Rivières."Français d'Amérique:variation, créolisation, normalisation (Actes
du colloque, Université d'Avignon, 8-11 oct. 1996), ed. Patrice Brasseur, 229-48.
Avignon:Université d'Avignon, Centre d'études canadiennes.
University of Utah Seminary, Salt Lake City, Nov. 1999.
http://www.ling.su.se/Creole/Archive/Wittmann-1.html
The case of
the non-creole varieties of Koine French (français populaire) spoken in the
Americas."Carleton University Seminary, Ottawa, Feb. 2000.
colonial."Revue québécoise de linguistique théorique et appliquée2:2.185-209.
vérification d'une hypothèse 'P&P' ou élaboration d'astuces computationnelles?"
Calvet 1994a:115-39.
les
limites imposées dans un cadre théorique minimaliste."Revue québécoise de
linguistique théorique et appliquée 13.245-80.
STATEMENT ON CONVERGENCE
convergence?
"creolization" qua sui-generis linguistic phenomenon.
settings in language clusters (clusters of languages) seem to evolve (comparatively)
over large periods of time. For example Indo-European and Niger-Congo languages are
drifting from SOV to SVO. So you could say that European and African languages
belonging to these families are converging (on a path of "convergence").
RE- AFFIXATION IN FRENCH
DE LA REUNION, p. 1044-1045, we can see that in Reunionese both forms (re-
and a:r-) occur. In a foofnote the author says that the proceess is very
common in Canadian French.
are concerned (also called "Québécois" or "Canadien French" in the literarure) is
summed up in Marc Picard's 1991 "La 'loi des trois consonnes' et la chute du cheva en
québécois," Revue québécoise de linguistique 20:2.35-49:There is no (and never has
been) any metahesis of re- to er- and the underlying form of superficial re-/er- is
/r-/, with the schwa being inserted at a later stage of the derivation. That this is
je l'ergarde ton truck <je regarde ton camion>/<je le regarde>
(1)b*je ll'ergarde ton truck
je ll'organise ton party <j'organise ton party>/<je l'organise>
derived ones.*
Three-Consonant-Constraint allows for insertion after: reùkmandé <recommander>; or
with /h/:reùhosé <rehausser>. In varieties where postvocalic /r/ deletes in
unstressed positions (such as in Magoua), you get eùkulé for <reculer>.
exported to the colonies can be deducted from comparative evidence though Haitian
Creole is not the only variety were the processus became unproductive. The koine
variety spoken in the western part of Saint-Barthelemy has mostly, just like HC,
vowel insertion after the /r-/ with some notable exceptions such as: agardé
<regarder>, a(r)fèr <refaire>.
conditioned sound change:The deletion and gemination of L in Canadian French."
Probus 2.102-12.
ON GRADUALNESS
gradus: see GRADE] taking place by almost imperceptible steps or degrees; developing
little by little, not sharply or suddenly.
diffuse gradually across the lexicon. What does that mean? It means that the
DIFUSSION of the change will be (I) gradual or (II) non-gradual.
If diffusion is gradual, there is nothing in your definition of "gradual"
that says it must take a long time just because things are being done gradually.
Some infections spread gradually but rather swiftly through the entire human
organism.
If diffusion is non-gradual, there is nothing in your definition either that
says it must be overnight. Progression might be by leaps, with long time intervals
between. That's what's called "jumping" in the linguistics literature.
socio-historics, and that's why there can't be any linguistically definable "creole
type". But you might not believe in "creole type", in which case I'm merely saying
this for the audience.
change is triggered abruptly but may
diffuse gradually across the lexicon. As it is, the span of time required is
largely determined by non-linguistic factors, not by a priori parameters capable
of distinguising between normal and abnormal transmission.
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